et al
معنی کامل و مثالها
● مخفف: (لاتین - در ذکر ویراستاران کتاب و غیره)
● و دیگران
● و در جای دیگر
ریشه و کاربرد
ریشه
From Latin 'et alia' meaning 'and others'.
مثال
- The research was conducted by Smith et al.
- The theory was proposed by Johnson et al. in their 2005 study.
- The book was written by Brown et al.
ترکیبهای رایج
Smith et al Johnson et al Brown et al Davis et al
تعریف انگلیسی
adverb
- and others ('et al.' is used as an abbreviation of `et alii' (masculine plural) or `et aliae' (feminine plural) or `et alia' (neuter plural) when referring to a number of people) “the data reported by Smith et al.”
- and elsewhere (used when referring to other occurrences in a text)