دیکشنری فارسی

break

UKbreik USbreık

معنی فارسی

شکستن خردکردن جداکردن بهم زدن افطار کردن تجاوز کردن از

معنی کامل و مثال‌ها

/brāk/n., vt., vi.

● شکستن، خرد کردن یا شدن

the child broke the cup

کودک فنجان را شکست.

the sound of breaking china

صدای شکستن چینی

the (tree) branch broke

شاخه‌ی درخت شکست.

● شکستگی، شکست، ترک

she broke a bone and it looks like a nasty break

استخوانش شکست و شکستگی آن به نظر وخیم می‌آید.

a break in the pipe

شکستگی (یا ترک) در لوله

● پاره شدن

the rope broke and Hassan fell down

طناب پاره شد و حسن افتاد.

I couldn't see any skin broken

پوستش پارگی نشان نمی‌داد.

● باز کردن، گشودن

the seals of the packet had been broken

مهر و موم مرسوله باز شده بود.

● از شدت سقوط یا وزیدن چیزی کاستن

the tree branch broke her fall

شاخه‌ی درخت، شدت سقوط او را کم کرد.

● خراب شدن یا کردن (بیشتر در مورد ماشین‌آلات و ابزار)

a broken television set

دستگاه تلویزیون خراب

don't play with the radio; you'll break it!

با رادیو بازی نکن‌; خرابش می‌کنی.

● نقض کردن، تخلف کردن، شکستن قانون و قول و غیره

you have broken the law

شما قانون را زیر پا گذاشته‌اید (شکسته‌اید).

I will not break my promise to you

به وعده‌ی خود وفا خواهم کرد، قولی را که به شما دادم نخواهم شکست.

● نامنظم کردن، صف را شکستن (در مورد سربازان)، (الکترونیک) مدار را شکستن

● (رابطه و غیره) قطع کردن، قهر کردن، قطع

our radio contact with them was broken

تماس رادیویی ما با آنها قطع شد.

the break in the two country's diplomatic relations

قطع روابط سیاسی دو کشور

● شکستن اعتصاب

they were hired to break strikes

اجیر شده بودند که اعتصابات را بشکنند.

● ترک (عادت و غیره)

it is difficult to break a habit

ترک عادت مشکل است.

breaking public trust in the T.V. news

از بین بردن اعتماد مردم به اخبار تلویزیونی

● درهم شکستن (روحیه و اراده و غیره)، تباه کردن

the torturers tried to break her will

شکنجه‌گران کوشیدند اراده‌ی او را درهم بشکنند.

I finally reached my breaking point

بالاخره از جا در رفتم.

the committee can save him or break him

کمیته می‌تواند او را نجات بدهد یا بدبخت کند.

alcoholism broke his marriage

اعتیاد به الکل ازدواجش را تباه کرد.

● شکستن سکوت یا یکنواختی و غیره

the prisoner finally broke his silence

زندانی بالاخره سکوت خود را شکست.

to break the monotony of his life, he tried to find new friends

برای تغییر یکنواختی زندگی‌اش کوشید دوستان جدیدی بیابد.

● وقفه، (در مدرسه و غیره) تنفس

I chatted with him during the break (between classes)

در تنفس بین دو کلاس (زنگ تفریح) با او حرف زدم.

our spring break is nine days long

تعطیلات بهاره‌ی ما نه روز است.

I'll take a break for a few minutes

برای چند دقیقه از کار دست خواهم کشید (استراحت خواهم کرد).

he worked all night without a break

تمام شب بلاانقطاع کار کرد.

I took a short nap during the lunch break

هنگام تعطیل برای نهار، چرت کوتاهی زدم.

● شایع شدن (خبر)، افشا کردن یا شدن

Ali broke the news to me

علی مرا از خبر آگاه کرد.

the news broke in Paris that Kennedy had been shot

خبر تیر خوردن کندی در پاریس انتشار یافت.

● (ورزش) رکورد (حد نصاب) را شکستن

Namjoo broke the weight lifting record

نامجو رکورد وزنه‌برداری را شکست.

● ناگهان تغییر کردن، دگرگون شدن، آغاز شدن یا کردن

the day was about to break when we left

وقتی عزیمت کردیم بامداد داشت فرا می‌رسید (روز در شرف آغاز بود).

she broke into singing

زد زیر آواز (خواندن).

the break of day

پگاه، صبح زود

the clouds broke and the sun began to shine

ابرها باز شد و خورشید شروع به درخشیدن کرد.

● شکستن موج بر ساحل

a line of white foam where the waves broke on the beach

خطی از کف سفید در آنجایی که امواج به ساحل می‌خوردند

● رمز و غیره را کشف کردن، (مسئله‌ی جنایی و غیره را) حل کردن

the British finally broke the German military code

انگلیس‌ها بالاخره رمز نظامی آلمان‌ها را کشف کردند.

● دو رگه شدن صدا، (زبان شناسی) دو آوایی شدن، به صورت واکه‌ی مرکب درآمدن، مرتعش شدن (صدا)

normally a boy's voice breaks at fifteen

معمولا در پانزده سالگی صدای پسران دورگه می‌شود.

her voice broke

صدایش به لزره درآمد.

● شکستن و وارد شدن، به زور وارد شدن یا باز کردن، فرار کردن

he broke the cash box open with a knife

صندوق پول را با چاقو باز کرد.

break and entry

(حقوق) شکستن (مدخل) و داخل شدن

to break prison

از زندان فرار کردن

● (تنیس) بردن دوری که حریف در آن سرو می‌زند، امتیاز برده شده در این دور (می‌گویند: a break of serve یا a break)، (بیلیارد و اسنوکر و پول) مجموع امتیازی که بازیکن در هر نوبت کسب می‌کند

● رام کردن (به ویژه اسب)

● (حقوق) وصیت‌نامه را قانونا بی‌اعتبار و باطل کردن

* break apart

متلاشی شدن، وا رفتن، از هم جدا شدن یا کردن، فرو پاشیدن، فرو ریختن

* break a leg!

خدا به همراه‌!، به امید خدا ! (عبارتی که برای تشویق به هنرپیشگان و غیره قبل از شروع برنامه‌ی آنها می‌گویند)، موفق باشی‌!

* break a tie

(در مسابقات و غیره) مسابقه یا امتیاز مساوی را به نفع خود تغییر دادن، برابری را به سود خود به هم زدن

* break bread

نان و نمک خوردن (با کسی)، همسفره شدن

* break camp

اردوگاه را ترک کردن

the troops broke camp early in the morning

لشکریان صبح زود ارودگاه را ترک کردند.

* break down

1- خراب شدن

the car broke down twice

اتومبیل دوبار خراب شد.

2- جسما یا روحا بیمار شدن، (از شدت بیماری) افتادن

she broke down mentally

او از نظر روانی بیمار شد.

3- فایق آمدن، دشمن و حریف را از پای درآوردن

* break even

(عامیانه - مسابقات و غیره) مساوی کردن، برابر شدن، سر به سر شدن

* break free

فرار کردن، گریختن (از بند یا زندان و غیره)، آزاد شدن

when the river tide rose, the jammed logs broke free (or broke loose) toward the sea

وقتی آب روخانه بالا آمد الوار به هم گیر کرده به سوی دریا روان شدند.

* break ground

1- (بنای جدید و غیره) پی‌کنی کردن، اولین کلنگ حفاری را زدن

breaking ground for the new school

اولین کلنگ بنای مدرسه‌ی جدید را زدن

2- کار یا کشفیات تازه‌ای را شروع کردن، مفتاح بودن

his research broke new ground in the study of child growth

پژوهش او فصل تازه‌ای را در مطالعه‌ی رشد کودکان آغاز کرد.

* break in

1- با شکستن قفل (و غیره) وارد شدن، ورود غیرقانونی کردن 2- مختل کردن، ایجاد وقفه کردن، قطع کردن (کلام و غیره‌ی) دیگری 3-آموزش دادن، وارد به کار کردن 4- (کفش و غیره) به پا عادت دادن، جا باز کردن

* break in on (or upon)

1- مخل شدن، مزاحم شدن، سرزده وارد شدن 2- کلام کسی را قطع کردن

* break it up

(ماشین‌آلات و غیره را) 1- پیاده کردن، از هم باز کردن، تکه‌تکه کردن 2- بس کردن، متوقف کردن

I tried to break up their fight

کوشیدم دعوای آنها را متوقف کنم.

* break off

1- ناگهان قطع شدن (مذاکرات یا توفان و غیره) 2- قطع دوستی کردن، قهر کردن با

* break one's neck

نهایت سعی خود را کردن

* break out

1- ناگهان آغاز کردن یا شدن

in the middle of the show, a fire broke out!

در اواسط نمایش غفلتا آتش‌سوزی شروع شد!

2- ناگهان فرار کردن 3- (از جوش یا تاول و غیره) پوشیده شدن، گل زدن

every time she has cheese, she breaks out all over her body

هر وقت پنیر می‌خورد بدنش پر از جوش می‌شود.

* break the back (of)

کمر (کسی یا چیزی را) شکستن، از پای در آوردن

to break the back of enemy resistance

مقاومت دشمن را در هم شکستن

* break the bank

(انگلیس - خودمانی - در قمار) تمام پول بانک را بردن

* break one's pace (or step)

(در راه رفتن) گام خود را عوض کردن، جور دیگری راه رفتن یا گام برداشتن

* break wind

گوزیدن، چسیدن، ضرطه در کردن

* break with

ترک دوستی یا همبستگی کردن، (از حزب و غیره) انشعاب کردن، (از سنت و غیره) عدول کردن

he broke with his former partners

با شرکای سابقش به هم زد.

* give someone a break

(عامیانه) سخت نگرفتن، ارفاق کردن

give him a break; he is a beginner

به او سختگیری نکن‌; تازه کار است.

* make a break (from)

فرار کردن از زندان، گریختن

* breaking up

فروشکافی، به هم خوردگی (رابطه‌ی اشخاص و غیره)

ریشه و کاربرد

ریشه

The word 'break' comes from Middle English 'breken', from Old English 'brecan', meaning 'to break, shatter, burst'.

مثال

  • She will break the chocolate bar into smaller pieces.
  • The teacher asked the students not to break their concentration during the exam.
  • He tends to break his promises and never follows through.

ترکیب‌های رایج

Break a record Break a habit Break the news Break the ice Break a leg Break the bank

تعریف انگلیسی

verb
  1. some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity “the telephone is an annoying interruption” “there was a break in the action when a player was hurt”
  2. an unexpected piece of good luck “he finally got his big break”
  3. (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other “they built it right over a geological fault” “he studied the faulting of the earth's crust”
  4. a personal or social separation (as between opposing factions) “they hoped to avoid a break in relations”
  5. a pause from doing something (as work) “we took a 10-minute break” “he took time out to recuperate”
  6. the act of breaking something “the breakage was unavoidable”
  7. a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something
  8. breaking of hard tissue such as bone “it was a nasty fracture” “the break seems to have been caused by a fall”
  9. the occurrence of breaking “the break in the dam threatened the valley”
  10. an abrupt change in the tone or register of the voice (as at puberty or due to emotion) “then there was a break in her voice”
  11. the opening shot that scatters the balls in billiards or pool
  12. (tennis) a score consisting of winning a game when your opponent was serving “he was up two breaks in the second set”
  13. an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity “it was presented without commercial breaks” “there was a gap in his account”
  14. a sudden dash “he made a break for the open door”
  15. any frame in which a bowler fails to make a strike or spare “the break in the eighth frame cost him the match”
  16. an escape from jail “the breakout was carefully planned”
  17. terminate “She interrupted her pregnancy” “break a lucky streak” “break the cycle of poverty” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  18. become separated into pieces or fragments “The figurine broke” “The freshly baked loaf fell apart” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s” “The wooden sticks break” “These glasses break easily”
  19. render inoperable or ineffective “You broke the alarm clock when you took it apart!” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  20. ruin completely “He busted my radio!” “Cause: wear, wear out, bust, fall apart” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  21. destroy the integrity of; usually by force; cause to separate into pieces or fragments “He broke the glass plate” “She broke the match” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something” “The girls break the wooden sticks”
  22. act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises “offend all laws of humanity” “violate the basic laws or human civilization” “break a law” “break a promise” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  23. move away or escape suddenly “The horses broke from the stable” “Three inmates broke jail” “Nobody can break out--this prison is high security” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s” “Something is ----ing PP” “Somebody ----s PP” “Somebody ----s something”
  24. scatter or part “The clouds broke after the heavy downpour” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  25. force out or release suddenly and often violently something pent up “break into tears” “erupt in anger” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s PP”
  26. prevent completion “stop the project” “break off the negotiations” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  27. enter someone's (virtual or real) property in an unauthorized manner, usually with the intent to steal or commit a violent act “Someone broke in while I was on vacation” “They broke into my car and stole my radio!” “who broke into my account last night?” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Somebody ----s PP” “Somebody ----s (for: break in)”
  28. make submissive, obedient, or useful “The horse was tough to break” “I broke in the new intern” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Somebody ----s somebody”
  29. fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns “This sentence violates the rules of syntax” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  30. surpass in excellence “She bettered her own record” “break a record” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  31. make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret “The auction house would not disclose the price at which the van Gogh had sold” “The actress won't reveal how old she is” “bring out the truth” “he broke the news to her” “unwrap the evidence in the murder case” “Cause: get out, get around” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something” “Somebody ----s something to somebody” “Somebody ----s that CLAUSE”
  32. come into being “light broke over the horizon” “Voices broke in the air” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  33. stop operating or functioning “The engine finally went” “The car died on the road” “The bus we travelled in broke down on the way to town” “The coffee maker broke” “The engine failed on the way to town” “her eyesight went after the accident” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s” “These cars won't break”
  34. interrupt a continued activity “She had broken with the traditional patterns” “Verb Frames:” “Something is ----ing PP” “Somebody ----s PP”
  35. make a rupture in the ranks of the enemy or one's own by quitting or fleeing “The ranks broke” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s” “Somebody ----s”
  36. curl over and fall apart in surf or foam, of waves “The surf broke” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  37. lessen in force or effect “soften a shock” “break a fall” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  38. be broken in “If the new teacher won't break, we'll add some stress” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s”
  39. come to an end “The heat wave finally broke yesterday” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  40. vary or interrupt a uniformity or continuity “The flat plain was broken by tall mesas” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s something”
  41. cause to give up a habit “She finally broke herself of smoking cigarettes” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s somebody”
  42. give up “break cigarette smoking” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  43. come forth or begin from a state of latency “The first winter storm broke over New York” “Verb Frames:” “Something is ----ing PP”
  44. happen or take place “Things have been breaking pretty well for us in the past few months” “Usage Domain: colloquialism” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  45. cause the failure or ruin of “His peccadilloes finally broke his marriage” “This play will either make or break the playwright” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  46. invalidate by judicial action “The will was broken” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  47. discontinue an association or relation; go different ways “The business partners broke over a tax question” “The couple separated after 25 years of marriage” “My friend and I split up” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s”
  48. assign to a lower position; reduce in rank “She was demoted because she always speaks up” “He was broken down to Sergeant” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s somebody” “Somebody ----s something PP”
  49. reduce to bankruptcy “My daughter's fancy wedding is going to break me!” “The slump in the financial markets smashed him” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s somebody” “Something ----s somebody”
  50. change directions suddenly “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s” “Somebody ----s”
  51. emerge from the surface of a body of water “The whales broke” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  52. break down, literally or metaphorically “The wall collapsed” “The business collapsed” “The dam broke” “The roof collapsed” “The wall gave in” “The roof finally gave under the weight of the ice” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s” “Somebody ----s”
  53. do a break dance “Kids were break-dancing at the street corner” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s” “Sam and Sue break”
  54. exchange for smaller units of money “I had to break a $100 bill just to buy the candy” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  55. destroy the completeness of a set of related items “The book dealer would not break the set” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  56. make the opening shot that scatters the balls “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s”
  57. separate from a clinch, in boxing “The referee broke the boxers” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s somebody”
  58. go to pieces “The lawn mower finally broke” “The gears wore out” “The old chair finally fell apart completely” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  59. break a piece from a whole “break a branch from a tree” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  60. become punctured or penetrated “The skin broke” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  61. pierce or penetrate “The blade broke her skin” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s something”
  62. be released or become known; of news “News of her death broke in the morning” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  63. cease an action temporarily “We pause for station identification” “let's break for lunch” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s”
  64. interrupt the flow of current in “break a circuit” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  65. undergo breaking “The simple vowels broke in many Germanic languages” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  66. find a flaw in “break an alibi” “break down a proof” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Something ----s something”
  67. find the solution or key to “break the code” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something”
  68. change suddenly from one tone quality or register to another “Her voice broke to a whisper when she started to talk about her children” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  69. happen “Report the news as it develops” “These political movements recrudesce from time to time” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  70. become fractured; break or crack on the surface only “The glass cracked when it was heated” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  71. crack; of the male voice in puberty “his voice is breaking--he should no longer sing in the choir” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  72. fall sharply “stock prices broke” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s” “The stock market is going to break”
  73. fracture a bone of “I broke my foot while playing hockey” “Verb Frames:” “Somebody ----s something” “Did he break his foot?”
  74. diminish or discontinue abruptly “The patient's fever broke last night” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s”
  75. weaken or destroy in spirit or body “His resistance was broken” “a man broken by the terrible experience of near-death” “Verb Frames:” “Something ----s somebody Abrv. Table”

مترادف‌ها

I. verb active
1. Rend, sever, part, dispart, fracture, tear asunder.
2. Shatter, shiver, smash, batter, dash to pieces.
3. Enfeeble, enervate, weaken, impair.
4. Tame, make tractable, make docile.
5. Make bankrupt, bankrupt.
6. Discard, dismiss, discharge, degrade, cashier.
7. Violate, infringe, transgress, disobey, set at nought.
8. Lessen the force of (as a fall), mitigate. See assuage.
9. Interrupt, stop, intermit, cut short.
10. Disclose, open, unfold, lay open.
II. verb neuter
1. Be shattered, be shivered, be dashed to pieces.
2. Burst, explode.
3. Open, dawn, appear.
4. Become bankrupt.
5. Decline, lose health or strength.
III. noun
1. Breach, opening, gap, fissure, rent, rift, chasm, rupture, fracture.
2. Interruption, pause, caesura.
3. Dawn, dawning.

واژه‌های دیگر با معنی «شکستن»

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